Blog For Friday, 9/30/11

On Friday we:

• Took cell notes on the world of cells
  

The Homework:

• Cell Doctor(33-35)




• EC: Create your own cell doctor with answers on the back
  

The World Of Cells

• All living things are made up of cells




• New cells are produced from existing cells




• Basic unit of structure

We See Cells With Microscopes

• Light microscopes-0.2 micrometers




• Electron microscope-0.2 nanometers




• 2 Types of electron microscopes-scanning(for the surface) and Transmission(for internal)

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic

• Bacteria and archea




• Pro=Before




• Krayon=kernel(nucleus)




• Plants, Protists, Animal, Fungi




• Eu=true

Plant Cells and Animal Cells

• Both have membranes, nucleus, cytoplasm


• Plant cells are squared (square morphology) and have chloroplast and a cell wall


• Animal cells have centrioles and are rounded(round morphology)

Cell Organelles

Organelles-little organs, struture with a specialized functionwithin a cell

Nucleus:

• Nuclear envelope-double membrane with pores


• Materials pass through pores


• DNA is found in the nucleus in the form of chromatin


• Nucleolus is the site of ribosome prodution

Ribosomes:

• Freely in the cytoplasm or on the rough endoplasmic reticulum


• Responsible for assisting in protein synthesis, makes enzymes and proteins


• Ribosomes on the RER are responsible for making the proteins used in membranes and ones that will be secreted by the cell

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Produces proteins


• products are moved to other locations by transport vesicle

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Synthesizes lipids


• Cells in liver detoxify drugs and poisons in blood


• Can lead to tolerance of the drug

Golgi Apparatus

• Shipping Center


• Works with ER and finished, stores, and distributes chemical products of the cell

Lysosomes

• Lysosomes=Breakdown Body


• A membrane enclosed sac of digestive enzymes


• safely allows material to be digested


• Fuses with vacuoles to digest food


• Destroy harmful bacteria


• REcycles damaged organelles


• Tay Sachs disease

Vacoules

• Multiple sizes and functions


• Food Vacoule


• Contractile Vacoule


• Stores organic nutrients. Absorb water

Chloroplasts

• Organelles in plants and protists that perform photosynthesis


• Converts sunlight to energy


• Stroma-thick fluid inside


• Grana-in stroma, network of tubes and disks,traps sun

Mitochondreia

• Cellular respiration


• Sugars to ATP


• ATP=energy=work


• Inner membrane has multiple foldings called cristae

Cytoskeleton

• Cytoskeleton-network of fibers extending throughout the cytoplasm


• Support and shapes the cell


• Muscles for movement rearrangement of cytoskeleton causes the cell to move

Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments, Microtubles

• Solid Rods copmosed of actin


• Shapes and moves the cell


• Actin works with other fibers


• Ropelike fiberous proteins


• Bearing tensions


• Anchors Organelles


• Straight, hollow tubes called tubulins


• Shapes, tracks for organelles to move, Guide movements of chromosomes during cell division, movement of cilia and flagella

Cilia

• Shorter, more numerous


• Propel protists


• can be damaged from smoking

Flagella

• Propel sperm, other animals and protists

Microtubule Structures

• Forms a 9+2 Arrangement


• 9 microtubules doublets form a ring and surround a centeral pair of micro tubules


• To move cilia or flagella, motor protein called dyneins grab onto microtubule

Thank you for reading my blog, sorry it is late, I was confused over the weekend. Sorry there were no pictures, they didn't work. It would just mess up the formatting.

Sincerely,

Michael